Comparing Suppression of Women in Feminine Mystique,...

Suppression of Women through Isolation in The Feminine Mystique,nbsp;Radicalesbians, and Triflesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; It is far easier to break the spirit of one human being than that of a united group of people.nbsp;Betty Friedan’s The Feminine Mystique, Radicalesbians, and Susan Glaspell’s Trifles come to the same conclusion: isolation and separation caused women to be vulnerable to domination by male society. Social stigmatization by men, an inability to describe the situation, and a lack of personal identity kept women apart from one another. A fear of social stigma was one factor that kept women from supporting each other. In The Feminine Mystique, Betty Friedan discusses how American housewives went about†¦show more content†¦Stigma attached to the word lesbian also kept women apart from one another. Radicalesbians describes the label lesbian as the debunking/scare term that keeps women from forming any primary attachments, groups, or associations among ourselves. The women’s movement was hurt by the labeling by some in the media as a lesbian movement. Ironically, lesbians often felt underrepresented in the movement while heterosexual women were afraid of being labeled lesbians. Radicalesbians confronts this issue by arguing that women are being dominated by men as long as the label ‘dyke’ can be used to frighten a woman into a less militant stand, keep her separate from her sisters, keep her from giving primacy to anything other than men and family. An inability to communicate and a lack of a feeling of sisterhood kept women from communing with one another. In Susan Glaspell’s play Trifles, Mrs. Hale told Mrs. Peters that women live close together and we live far apart. We all go through the same things – it’s all just a different kind of the same thing. Mrs. Hale didn’t know how to communicate with the oppressed Mrs. Wright so she simply stayed away from her until it was too late. In The Feminine Mystique, Betty Friedan also talks about the issue of communication. The housewives that Friedan wrote about had to develop a vocabulary to discuss the problem that had no name before they were able to come together. Until women realized that the personal is

Unemployment, and Challenges in Saudi Arabia Free Essays

Unemployment, and challenges in Saudi Arabia Is it not strange to hear of the unemployment problem from the largest oil exporter in the world? The problem of unemployment in Saudi Arabia began to appear at the beginning of the last century. In 1975, â€Å"Saudization† was launched as a way of replacing expatriate with Saudi workers for localization jobs, but after 37 years of unemployment is still one of the important topics of concern to citizen. The causes of the problem are education system, labor system, companies and foreign workers. We will write a custom essay sample on Unemployment, and Challenges in Saudi Arabia or any similar topic only for you Order Now The first cause of the unemployment problem in Saudi Arabia is education system. In fact, the education system is failing to equip young Saudis with the right skills and young Saudis are not studying the subjects the society needs. For example, about 80% of our college students graduate in history, geography, Arabic literature and Islamic studies and the remainder is for graduating in science, engineering or from the medical schools, which is not covered by labor market needs of these disciplines required. Indeed, there is mismatch between the number of graduates from public and higher education institutions and the needs of the labor market. That is one major reason for unemployment, but it is not the only one. The second cause is labor system; it is very old and needs to be modified to cope with modern developments. It also has many gaps and it is very easy to exploit. For example, one of Saudization program tools, is to increase the proportion of Saudis workers by 5% per year, but after more than 37 in the program, some companies still have rates less than 10%. In addition, some companies recorded Saudis worker names as a placebo to increase the percentage of Saudization. In short, labor systems contributed significantly to the worsening unemployment problem in Saudi Arabia, which has become the most important causes. The third cause is foreign workers. The foreign workers are cheaper and more qualified than Saudis worker, because of that many local companies and foreign investors do not want to hire Saudis. For example, many companies prefer foreign workers because of its low cost, work longer hours, and do not to ask some of the rights labor. In addition, the percentage of foreign workers in Saudi Arabia was about 31% of the total population of 27 million in 2010, and $ 29 billion were sent outside of Saudi Arabia that same year. Therefore, Saudi Arabia is dependent on foreign workers as a labor force because they will work cheaper and do work Saudis do not want to do much like the Mexican in the U. S. In conclusion, unemployment of Saudi youth is increasing. Many companies and foreign investors do not want to hire Saudis. Local companies and government departments can cater to only so many. Foreign workers convert billions of dollars annually. The causes of the problem are education system, labor system, and foreign workers. Lastly, in Saudi Arabia we are faced with issues of foreign workers that seem never ending. How to cite Unemployment, and Challenges in Saudi Arabia, Papers

Corporate Law Commonwealth Numbered Acts

Question: Discuss about theCorporate Lawfor Commonwealth Numbered Acts. Answer: Introduction Before discussing this case it is necessary that we discuss the concept of separate legal entity, and its other aspects also. Section 1.5.1 of the Corporation Acct 2001 states the concept of separate legal entity. According to this section company has separate legal existence which is different from its owners, shareholder, employees and agents. Company can own its property, rights and obligations. All the assets and liabilities of company are belonged to company only, and used for the purpose of company only ( , n.d.; Clayton UTZ, 2014). The principle of separate legal entity has exception that is piercing of corporate veil. The concept of piercing of corporate veil states that court can pierce the veil of the company and held the shareholders accountable for the actions of the company, if actually those actions are of shareholders (Ramsay, Noakes, 2001). Separate legal entity is the most important characteristic of the company, but in many cases it is necessary for the court that they lift the veil of the company and find the frauds which are committed by the owners of the company behind the veil of the company. This action is necessary because the control of the company is usually in the hands of the directors, and directors of the company commit many frauds in the name of the company (Anderson, 2009). We can understand this exception with the help of the case law Salomon vs. Salomon. This case was landmark for the principle separate legal entity, and this case also states the exception rule for this principle. In this case, Mr. Salomon transferred his business of shoe making into accompany, which was formerly run as sole proprietorship. This company consist the Salomon himself and his family members as members of the company. In this company Salomon hold shares and debentures with floating charge. Later on, company went into liquidation, and Salomon recovers his money prior to the unsecured creditors. Liquidator file application in the court on behalf of unsecured creditors, and court found that Salomon is the agent of the company and held him personally liable for the debts of the company (Law teacher, n.d.). In the present case, Bob Beech is a scallop fisherman, and worked as commercial Scallop in the coastal water of Jervis Bay of New South Wales. In the coastal water of Jervis Bay, stock of scallops is limited, and government made legislation for the protection of Scallop for the purpose of regeneration. According to this legislation a person can catch only 50 scallops in a calendar year. Act also provides that it is offence to sell the cached scallops in any other market other than Scallop marketing authority. Each offence carries affine up to $100,000. Bob wants to earn more money, and he has physical capability to catch more than 50 scallops in a calendar year. Therefore, her daughter suggest that he can incorporate accompany and catches more fishes. Her daughter Alice tells that company has separate legal entity, and Bob can catch more fishes in the name of the company. From the above discussion we can state that Alice was not correct, because there is an exception to the principal of separate legal entity that is piercing of corporate veil. In this case also court can lift the corporate veil and found that Bob is catching more fishes in the name of the company. Court can impose penalty of $100, 000 on the Bob for the commitment of this offence. Answer 2: Section 588V of Corporation Act 2001 defines when holding company is liable for the acts of subsidiary (Commonwealth Numbered Acts, n.d.). Liability of holding company for the acts of its subsidiary company is regulated on the basis of two important aspects that is limited liability and separate legal entity. There are some liabilities which shareholders owned towards the company. Court analyzes the liabilities of shareholders in the case Salomon v Salomon. Separate legal entity principle is the most important principle which states that company has distinct personality from its members. Salomon v Salomon case laid down a rule which states that even if only one individual holds maximum shares of the company and remaining shares are hold by other members on trust of him, then in such case also company cannot considered as shadow of that individual. Judgment of Salomon case was followed by court in many other cases such as Adams v Cape Industries Plc [4]. In this case court h eld that subsidiary companies are creation of their parent companies, and subsidiary company was also treated as separate legal entity and enjoy all the rights and obligations which are given to separate legal entities (Law Teacher, n.d.). According to Gilbert Tobin, a parent company can be considered as shadow director of the subsidiary company, if it controls the board and management of the subsidiary company. In other words if parent company holds the board of its subsidiary company, and subsidiary company is acting on the instructions of parent company then parent company will be considered as shadow director of its subsidiary company, and held liable for the acts of its subsidiary (Gilbert Tobin, 2014). Many issues are raised which state that subsidiary companies are just puppets of their holding companies, and holding companies take shield behind the veil of subsidiaries. Courts pierce the veil and held the actual culprit out mainly in three circumstances which are when the directors of the company does not fulfill the duty they owned towards the company, when the company is closely held and behave in the way which is not acceptable, and when company commit any tort. In these situations it is not justified that court keeps the veil, because directors of holding company are effectively control the management of subsidiary company. Therefore, directors of holding company must be held liable for the actions of subsidiary company (Anderson, 2009). In this case, Nuclear Blast Sounds Pty Ltd is a subsidiary company of New Nirvana Ltd, and New Nirvana Ltd is hold by the members of hard rock band. A concert was held in Sydney, and Nuclear Blast Sounds Pty Ltd negligently set the sounds level too high because of which five members from audience are become permanently deaf. Nuclear Blast Sounds Pty Ltd has no proper insurance policy for such members, and company is not able to pay claims to the members. In this case it is clear that Nuclear Blast Sounds Pty Ltd is a subsidiary company of New Nirvana Ltd, and we assume that New Nirvana Ltd efficiently holds the management of the Nuclear Blast Sounds Pty Ltd. Therefore, it is justified that members can file claim against the holding company that is Nirvana Ltd. Answer 3: Companies that are operated in Australia and govern their business in Australia need to frame internal management rules which assist the relationship between the company and its members and officers. Internal management of companies is governed by the provision of the corporation act 2001 which are also known as replaceable rules, constitution, or by the combination of both. Constitution is generally a contract between the member, director and its officers. Whereas, replaceable rules are mentioned in the Corporation Act 2001, and they are just basic rules which are helps in govern the companys management. If companies opt not to have constitution they can use replaceable rules (ASIC, n.d.). Constitution of the company is a contract between the company and its shareholders, and it has binding effect on the company and its shareholders as any other contract has. Shareholders who agreed to adopt the constitution are bind with the contract. Like other contracts constitution binds only that parties who sign the constitution. Section 140 of the Corporation Act 2001 states the effect of constitution and replaceable rules. According to this section constitution of the company and any replaceable rules that govern the company is a special form of contract between the company and its members, directors and officers. It is also a contract between the members of the company. In this contract every person is bind to follow the constitution and rules which apply to that person (Commonwealth Consolidated Acts, n.d.). This method is different for creation of contract, but this contract is formed by mutual agreement of the parties who want to legally enforce this agreement. Usually, in some cases this agreement is executed between the parties even before the registration of the company. There is one important difference between the contract and constitution that is constitution can be changed by passing special resolution in a meeting (Ferguson, 2013). Court will consider the matter and looking the nature of the breach in case of constitution of the company. All the similar consequences which are occurred in case of breach of contract are also applied to the constitution of the company, but this matter is treated differently by court because this is a form of special contract. In this case, Simon, Michael and Don Set up a project management company called Millennium Pty Ltd. Constitution of the company states that Don is the solicitor of the company, and constitution also states that any disputes arising between the company and members of the company shall be first referred to arbitrate before any court proceedings. After few years Simon and Michael found anew solicitor who work better than the Don, and they appoint him as a solicitor of the company. Don initiates legal action against the company. In this case there is a provision in the companys constitution that Don is the solicitor of the company, and Simon and Michael cannot change the solicitor without making necessary changes in the constitution of company by passing special resolution in the company. As above mentioned necessary aspects are considered by the court, and all the consequences of breach of contract are also applied in this case. Don can initiate legal action against the company, but before it is necessary that he refer the matter to the arbitrator, because there is one more provision that all the matters are first referred to the arbitrator and then referred to the court. Therefore, it is necessary that Don first referred the matter to the arbitrator and then to the court. References: Commonwealth Numbered Acts. Corporations act2001 - SECT 1.5.1. Retrieved on 20th October 2016 from: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/num_act/ca2001172/s1.5.1.html. Clayton UTZ, (2014). Doing Business in Australia: Business structures. Retrieved on 20th October 2016 from: https://www.claytonutz.com/knowledge/2014/july/doing-business-in-australia-business-structures. Ramsay, M. I. Noakes B. D. (2001). Piercing the Corporate Veil in Australia. pg- 250-271. Retrieved on 20th October 2016 from: https://law.unimelb.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/1710089/122-Piercing_the_Corporate_Veil1.pdf. Anderson, H. (2009). Piercing the veil on corporate groups in Australia: the case for reform. Retrieved on 20th October 2016 from: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/MelbULawRw/2009/13.html. Law Teacher, Salomon V A Salomon And Co Ltd [1897] AC 22 Case Summary. Retrieved on 20th October 2016 from: https://www.lawteacher.net/cases/company-law/salomon-v-salomon.php. Commonwealth Numbered Acts. Corporations act 2001 - SECT 46. Retrieved on 20th October 2016 from: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca2001172/s588v.html. Law Teacher, Liability Of Parent Over Subsidiary Company Actions. Retrieved on 20th October 2016 from: https://www.lawteacher.net/free-law-essays/business-law/liability-of-parent-over-subsidiary-company-actions-business-law-essay.php. Tobin, G. (2014). Wholly-owned subsidiaries: same same but different. Retrieved on 20th October 2016 from: https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=90cc6c72-de1a-4ba7-91d0-7cd7a798c5ed. Anderson, H. (2009). Piercing the veil on Corporate Groups in Australia: The Case for reform. Retrieved on 20th October 2016 from: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/MelbULawRw/2009/13.html. ASIC. Constitution and replaceable rules. Retrieved on 20th October 2016 from: https://asic.gov.au/for-business/starting-a-company/constitution-and-replaceable-rules/. Commonwealth Numbered Acts. Corporations act 2001 - SECT 140. Retrieved on 20th October 2016 from: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca2001172/s140.html. Ferguson, D. (2013). Australia: The Statutory Contract. Retrieved on 20th October 2016 from: https://www.mondaq.com/australia/x/221404/Contract+Law/The+Statutory+Contract.

An American Tragedy vs A Place in the Sun Essay Example

An American Tragedy vs A Place in the Sun Essay Example An American Tragedy vs A Place in the Sun Paper An American Tragedy vs A Place in the Sun Paper Often, movie adaptations of novels will have many variances. These inconsistencies can change major themes in the story. Such differences appear between Theodore Dressers An American Tragedy and its film adaptation, A Place in the Sun. The films title has a light-hearted and paradisiacal implication, in contrast to the novels title, which suggests hopelessness and suffering. These titles mirror the overall thematic difference in the two versions. The novel blatantly exposes the reality of American society to illustrate how the American dream is an illusion, whereas the film focuses on the consequences that result from foolishness. In An American Tragedy, Cycles downfall is caused by tragic flaws deeply ingrained in American Society. Dresser includes characters from every spectrum of social class and exposes their faults. Both Hornets Briggs and Sandra Finley feign interest in Clyde for their own benefit. Hornets is a lower class Kansas City girl who manipulates Clyde in search of material possessions. Sandra, a wealthy and beautiful woman, shows interest in Clyde to irritate Gilbert Griffith. Dresser introduces many other characters with this same self-centered attitude, such as Orville Mason, the district attorney. It looks to be the biggest and most important case in all my term in office, and if we can only clean it up satisfactorily and quickly, before things break here this fall, it made do us all some good, eh? (532). Orville does not see Cycles case as a fight for Justice, but an easy win for his political standing. Dresser includes these details to highlight the harsh intentions and motivations of Americans. This consistency in motive emphasizes the theme that Americans have a toxic obsession with personal gain that drives many individuals, regardless of class. Clyde is manipulated and his mind is irrupted by people trying to achieve what they think is the American dream, when in reality there is no such thing. Clyde becomes obsessed with being on top both economically and socially, driving him to commit the murder that ultimately leads to his death. In A Place in the Sun, George (Clyde) is led to committing murder not by his obsession with obtaining the American dream, but by his infatuation with Angela (Sandra). The movie focuses less on society and more on the individual. Georges intention to murder Alice (Roberta) to be with Angela exposes his own selfishness, UT his actions are Justified by love. The film skips the first part of the novel, which expands on why Clyde desires to achieve the American Dream. Because of this omission, the theme of the story is changed. Instead of being pulled to the top by greed, the film suggests that George is motivated by love. Georges foolishness in dealing with his two relationships results in Lices accidental drowning. This presents the theme that love can lead to good as well as evil. George is not corrupted by society, (as in the novel), but wrapped up in a situation caused by his own, individual folly. The title of the film suggests this same theme. George is introduced to this place in the sun of luxury, wealth and beautiful women, but his mistakes lead him in another direction. The differing themes between the novel and the film are the novels idea of the tragedy of American society and the films focus on individual mistakes. Dresser portrays characters as greedy and manipulative, while the film portrays them as foolishly in love. The reasons behind this inconsistency may more light-hearted because its purpose is more to entertain, while the novel may be meant to be intellectually profound.

Allelic Drift - Definition

Genetic Drift / Allelic Drift - Definition Definition: Genetic drift is defined as the changing of the number of available alleles in a population by chance events. Also called allelic drift, this phenomenon is usually due to a very small gene pool or population size. Unlike natural selection, it is a random, chance event that causes genetic drift and it depends solely on statistical chance instead of desirable traits being passed down to offspring. Unless the population size increases through more immigration, the number of available alleles gets smaller with every generation. Genetic drift happens by chance and can make an allele disappear completely from a gene pool, even if it was a desirable trait that should have been passed down to offspring. The random sampling style of genetic drift shrinks the gene pool and therefore alters the frequency the alleles are found in the population. Some alleles are completely lost within a generation due to genetic drift. This random change in the gene pool can affect the speed of evolution of a species. Instead of taking several generations to see a change in allele frequency, genetic drift can cause the same affect within a single generation or two. The smaller the population size, the greater the chance of genetic drift occurring. Larger populations tend to function through natural selection much more than genetic drift due to the sheer number of alleles that are available for natural selection to work on as compared to smaller populations. The Hardy-Weinberg equation cannot be used on small populations where genetic drift is the main contributor to diversity of alleles. Bottleneck Effect One specific cause of genetic drift is the bottleneck effect, or population bottleneck. The bottleneck effect occurs when a larger population shrinks significantly in size in a short amount of time. Usually, this decrease in population size is generally due to a random environmental affect like a natural disaster or spread of disease. This rapid loss of alleles makes the gene pool much smaller and some alleles are completely eliminated from the population. Out of necessity, populations that have experienced population bottleneck increase the instances of inbreeding to build the numbers back up to an acceptable level. However, inbreeding does not increase diversity or numbers of possible alleles and instead just increases the numbers of the same types of alleles. Inbreeding can also increase the chances of random mutations within DNA. While this may increase the number of alleles available to be passed down to offspring, many times these mutations express undesirable traits such as disease or reduced mental capacity. Founders Effect Another cause of genetic drift is called founders effect. The root cause of founders effect is also due to an unusually small population. However, instead of a chance environmental effect reducing the numbers of available breeding individuals, the founders effect is seen in populations who have chosen to stay small and do not allow breeding outside of that population. Often, these populations are specific religious sects or offshoots of a particular religion. The mate choice is significantly reduced and is mandated to be someone within the same population. Without immigration or gene flow, the number of alleles is limited to only that population and often the undesirable traits become the most frequently passed down alleles. Â   Examples: An example of founders effect happened in a certain population of Amish people in Pennsylvania. Since two of the founding members were carriers for Ellis van Creveld Syndrome, the disease was seen much more often in that colony of Amish people than the general population of the United States. After several generations of isolation and inbreeding within the Amish colony, the majority of the population became either carriers or suffered from Ellis van Creveld Syndrome.

International Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

International Finance - Essay Example This keeps the revenues of the company intact and also caps the amount of its currency outflows. In the event of any adverse movement in the foreign currency receivables, the company can exercise the forwards or the options. If a company having dollar receivables is afraid of strengthening the domestic currency against dollar then by taking the desired position in dollar futures the company can keep the value of its receivables intact. All these financial instruments have their own set of merits and limitations. In the following paragraphs, these instruments have been discussed with various examples that will give an idea about their usefulness. A forward contract on a foreign currency eliminates the risks related to exchange rate fluctuations. In this case the parties entering the contract agree to exchange a specified amount of currency at a future date at a pre-determined exchange rate (Redhead, 2008, pp.730; Von Pfeil, 1988, pp.127). Suppose A Ltd, a British company got $1 million receivable after 3 months. The company is afraid of British pounds appreciating against dollar as this will lower the value of its receivables. To hedge its position the company can enter into a forward contract that will entitle it to sell the receivables after three months at an agreed upon rate irrespective of the rate prevailing in the market. Suppose the spot rate is GBP 0.60/$. In three months time the company expects that the value of pounds will strengthen against dollar due to which the rate will fall to GBP 0.55/$. A Ltd can enter into a 3 month forward contract of GBP 0.62/$ which will freeze the exchange rate of the company. Now suppose after three months the spot rate is GBP 0.56/$, the company will then be able to sell the dollar receivable at GBP 0.62/$. As evident from the above calculations, the amount realized if the position is hedged through forward contract is GBP 620000, whereas the amount realized if the position is

The Sudanese Girl, photographed by Kevin Carter Essay

The Sudanese Girl, photographed by Kevin Carter - Essay Example There is more meaning to what is seen in the photography, much more than someone who was so close to the girl could take. At the time the photograph was taken, Sudan had been in the midst of a civil war that have led to prolonged famine that afflicted a wide range of the population necessitating international organizations like the United Nations to distribute aid in the form of food and other relief supplies. The strength of the rhetorical analysis comes in terms of requiring validating references from diverse secondary sources to confirm the credibility not only of the incidents crucial for the photograph, but also the story surrounding famine infested Sudan and Carter’s ultimate demise. The Sudanese Girl, photographed by Kevin Carter A young naked body cramped on the earth, with very thin limbs, and rib cage protruding. Face touching the earth from the forehead. The viewer could not even decipher the gender. Despite the face hidden, the gender could have been surmised due to the single white accessory around the neck. Most disturbing was the vulture intently eyeing a potential meal, not even three meters away. Everything else seemed to be oblivious of the scene. Aside from the green trees that set the background, all that viewers see is the disturbing reality of hunger, famine, eminent death. The meaning that the picture aims to relay is more than eliciting pity, empathy, fear – it generated diverse reactions and criticisms that created another tragic story for the photographer who was tagged as "The man adjusting his lens to take just the right frame of her suffering," said The Sudanese Girl, photographed by Kevin Carter Source: Toledo, 2010 the St. Petersburg (Florida) Times, "might just as well be a pre dator, another vulture on the scene† (Macleod, 1994, 5). The story of Kevin Carter was thereby featured in Time, published on September 12, 1994 entitled â€Å"The Life and Death of Kevin Carter† (Time, 1994) which proffered the kind of life the photographer led and the tendencies for drug addiction and susceptibility to suicide. Having previously attempted to take his life after losing his job, Macleod revealed Carter espousing a troubled personality exemplifying a rollercoaster prelude aggravated by the habit of taking marijuana and the ‘white-pipe’: â€Å"a mixture of dagga and Mandrax, a banned tranquilizer containing methaqualone† (Macleod, 1994, 3). Another opportunity to rationalize the tragic suicide of a recently acclaimed photographer, seeking to justify the outcome of his behavior, by fitting pieces of a puzzle, leaving the readers to conclude. The image ability to appeal to ethos is deemed eminent in its solicitation of diverse reactions focusing the plight of the victims of Sudan’s civil war and famine. The immediate fame it generated by winning a Pulitzer Prize was actually magnified by the event of the photographer’s death. According to Christensen (2010), â€Å"it is true that Kevin Carter won a Pulitzer Prize for his famous photograph. It is also true that Carter left the scene after taking the photograph without helping the child. However, it is too simplistic to suggest that he committed suicide as a direct result of his experience with this child as implied in the message. It is also unfair to judge his actions without having some understanding of the man's state of mine along with the terrible conditions in Sudan at the time the photograph was taken† (par. 2). The statement supports the appeal of the ethos perspective in reaching